Syntax
LOWER(text)
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| text | Parameter of the LOWER function. |
Examples
Convert to lowercase
Formula
=LOWER(A2)
Returns: "john smith" — converts "JOHN SMITH" or "John Smith" to all lowercase
Create email address
Formula
=LOWER(A2) & "." & LOWER(B2) & "@company.com"
Returns: "[email protected]" — builds a lowercase email from name fields
Standardize for comparison
Formula
=IF(LOWER(A2)=LOWER(B2), "Match", "No Match")
Returns: "Match" if the two cells contain the same text regardless of case
Common Errors
#VALUE!
The argument is an error value. LOWER works on text and numbers (no-op for numbers).
Tips
Clean email data
Email addresses should always be lowercase: =LOWER(TRIM(A1)) cleans up case and spaces in one step.
URL-safe strings
Use LOWER with SUBSTITUTE to create URL slugs: =SUBSTITUTE(LOWER(A1), " ", "-").
Combine with SUBSTITUTE
=LOWER(SUBSTITUTE(A1, " ", "")) creates a compact lowercase version like "johnsmith" from "John Smith".
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