Syntax
PRODUCT(value1, [value2, ...])
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| value1 | Parameter of the PRODUCT function. |
| [value2 | (Optional.) Parameter of the PRODUCT function. |
| ...] | Parameter of the PRODUCT function. |
Examples
Compound growth factor
Formula
=PRODUCT(1.05, 1.03, 1.07)
Returns 1.15706... — the combined growth factor of 5%, 3%, and 7% increases. Multiply by starting value to get the final amount.
Multiply a range
Formula
=PRODUCT(A2:A5)
If A2:A5 contains {2,3,4,5}, returns 120 (2×3×4×5). Much cleaner than =A2*A3*A4*A5.
Unit conversion chain
Formula
=PRODUCT(B1, 0.3048, 12)
Converts a value through multiple conversion factors in one step. If B1 is 10 meters, this converts to inches (10 × 0.3048 is wrong — but the pattern of chaining multipliers is the point).
Common Errors
#VALUE!
Occurs if any argument is text that can't be interpreted as a number, like =PRODUCT("hello", 5).
#NUM!
Result may overflow if you multiply too many large numbers together, though this is rare in practice.
Tips
Ignores empty cells
PRODUCT skips blank cells in a range. This is important: a blank is not treated as 0 (which would make the whole product 0), it's simply ignored.
Compound interest shortcut
If column B has annual return rates like 1.08, 1.12, 0.95, then =PRODUCT(B2:B10) gives the total compounded return factor over those years.
Watch out for zeros
A single 0 in your range makes the entire PRODUCT result 0. If your data might contain zeros, filter them out or use a helper formula.
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